The eruption was then followed by a period of ground subsidence and another of renewed uplift, before the volcano finally grew dormant until the 20th Century. Once enough gas had accumulated, the crust ruptured, sending a column of magma from 4 miles (6.4 km) deep bursting to the surface, the researchers said. Volcanic gas had seeped into the crust deep beneath Campi Flegrei's surface, causing it to stretch, warp and slip, unleashing earthquakes. Newly discovered Yellowstone eruption is one of 'top 5 eruptions of all time' Foot floating in a Yellowstone hot spring leaves more questions than answers Secrets of 'mystery sandwich' beneath Yellowstone revealed in new map "It emerged that the eruption was preceded by an intense deformation of the ground which first concerned the area of Pozzuoli, then localized in the area of the future eruptive vent, reaching an elevation of 20 meters," Trasatti said. To better understand the volcano’s present rumblings, scientists turned to its past feeding data from geological, archaeological and historical sources into a mathematical model that estimated the flows of magma below Campi Flegrei’s surface. Campi Flegrei is also experiencing persistent small earthquakes, with more than 600 detected in April - breaking its largest monthly total ever recorded in the region. Since then, the ground below Pozzuoli, a town located on the volcano's roof, has risen by 4 inches (10 centimeters) each year, adding up to a 13 foot (4 m) change in elevation since the 1950s. Another period of unrest began in 2005 that is still ongoing. The volcano has been stirring since the mid-20th century, with bursts of heightened activity in the 1950s, 1970s and 1980s.
More than 1.5 million people live above the vast underground volcano complex, and half a million people have their homes inside its 7 mile (11 kilometer) long caldera, which was formed after an enormous eruption 39,000 years ago. An aerial image of the Campi Flegrei volcano, a cluster of more than 20 calderas, volcanic cones and hydrothermal vents.
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